Second Generation (2G) Bioethanol projects are advanced renewable energy projects established for the production of ethanol from agricultural residues and lignocellulosic biomass such as paddy straw, wheat straw, corn cobs, bagasse and other crop waste.

In a 2G bioethanol project, agricultural residue is first collected, processed and pre-treated to break complex lignocellulosic material into simpler sugars. These sugars are then converted into ethanol through a fermentation process using microorganisms. Thereafter, the ethanol is purified and distilled to obtain fuel-grade bioethanol, which can be blended with petrol for use as a cleaner transportation fuel.

2G bioethanol project provide several environmental, economic and social benefits. These projects help in reducing stubble burning and associated air pollution, lowering greenhouse gas emissions and reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels. They also support sustainable waste management by utilizing agricultural residue that would otherwise be burnt in fields.

Current Scenario in the State:

One 2G Bioethanol project having capacity of 100 KL/day is being set up by Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) at Village Nasibpura, Tehsil Talwandi Sabo, District Bathinda. The project is to consume about 2.00 lakh tonnes of paddy straw annually at its designed capacity. The project is expected to start commercial production by December 2026.